First commercial DAC plant (Orca)
2021-09Climeworks
Climeworks' Orca in Iceland began operating at ~4,000 t/yr, pairing capture with permanent mineral storage — the first commercial direct-air-capture-and-storage plant.
All fields
Carbon Removal (DAC)
Who can pull CO₂ from the air, cheaply and at scale?
Live Updated 2025
Distance to goal
The single most intuitive view — current position against the end goal, on a log scale.
Largest operational capture capacity
Metric detailnow
500kt/yr
1PointFive (Stratos)
goal
1 Mt/yr
~0.3 orders of magnitude to go
Headline indicators
Who leads
Standings by actor, within this field only.
Milestone timeline
Clear-cut events: crossed or not crossed.
4 achieved 1 in progress 1 locked
10× scale-up (Mammoth)
2024-05Climeworks
Climeworks' Mammoth opened at ~36,000 t/yr nameplate, roughly ten times Orca — proof the modular design scales.
Million-tonne offtake deals signed
2024Microsoft
Microsoft contracted multi-million tonnes of durable removal across suppliers — the demand that underwrites the buildout, making CDR a real market.
First ~500 kt/yr plant (Stratos)
20251PointFive / Occidental
1PointFive's Stratos in Texas began ramping toward ~500,000 t/yr — over an order of magnitude larger than any prior plant, the first industrial-scale DAC facility.
Race to the megatonne plant
~ 20271PointFive / Climeworks
Operators are building toward single plants removing ~1,000,000 t/yr — under construction, not yet operating.
Removal at ~$100/tonne
~ 2030—
The finish line: capturing and storing CO₂ for around $100 a tonne, the cost at which gigatonne-scale removal becomes economic. Targeted toward 2030, not yet here.
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Every figure links to a primary source. We publish no invented scores. Tracker numbers are neutral; analysis is labelled separately.